How to Install CakePHP on Ubuntu 22.04

CakePHP is an open-source web application framework written in PHP. It follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern, which provides a structured approach to developing web applications. CakePHP aims to simplify and speed up the development process by offering a set of conventions and built-in features.

CakePHP has gained popularity for its simplicity, convention-driven approach, and robust feature set. It has been used to build a wide range of web applications, from small websites to large-scale enterprise systems.

In this tutorial, we will show you how to install CakePHP on Ubuntu 22.04 OS.

Step 1: Update Operating System

Update your Ubuntu 22.04 operating system to the latest version with the following command:

# apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Step 2: Install Apache webserver

You can install it via apt package manager by executing the following command.

# apt install apache2

Verify the status of the Apache service using systemctl status command:

# systemctl status apache2

Output:

● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running)
       Docs: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/
   Main PID: 2773 (apache2)
      Tasks: 55 (limit: 2193)
     Memory: 4.8M
        CPU: 35ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
             ├─2773 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
             ├─2775 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
             └─2776 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

Step 3: Install PHP and PHP extensions for CakePHP

To install PHP and additional PHP extensions which are essential for create CakePHP project, run the following command:

# apt-get install php libapache2-mod-php php-{cli,common,curl,zip,gd,mysql,xml,mbstring,json,intl,bcmath,sqlite3}

Verify if PHP is installed.

# php -v

Output:
PHP 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.11 (cli) (built: Feb 22 2023 22:56:18) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.1.2, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v8.1.2-1ubuntu2.11, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

Step 4: Install MySQL and create a database

You can install the MySQL server with the following command:

# apt install mysql-server

Verify the status of the MySQL service using systemctl status command:

# systemctl status mysql

Output:

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running)
    Process: 806 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 938 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 2193)
     Memory: 421.3M
        CPU: 3.314s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
             └─938 /usr/sbin/mysqld

By default, MySQL server is not hardened. You can secure MySQL using the mysql_secure_installation script.

# mysql_secure_installation

Configure it like this:

- Set root password? [Y/n] Y
- Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
- Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
- Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
- Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

Now, log into the MySQL prompt:

#  mysql -u root -p

To create a database, database user, and grant all privileges to the database user run the following commands:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE cakephp_db;
mysql> CREATE USER 'cakephp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Str0Pa$$word';
mysql> GRANT ALL ON cakephp_db.* TO 'cakephp_user'@'localhost';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> EXIT

Step 5: Install Composer

CakePHP’s official installation method is through Composer.

Run the following command to download the Composer installer using curl command:

# curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

Next, move the composer file to the /usr/local/bin path.

# mv composer.phar  /usr/local/bin/composer

Assign execute permission:

# chmod +x   /usr/local/bin/composer

Verify the Composer version installed:

# composer --version

Output:
Composer version 2.5.7 2023-05-24 15:00:39

Step 6: Create CakePHP Project

Now, using Composer it is quite simple to create CakePHP project. To do so, just run the following command:

# cd /var/www
# composer create-project --prefer-dist cakephp/app MyProject

In the final part of the installation, you will be asked to change the permissions of the folders.

Set Folder Permissions ? (Default to Y) [Y,n]? Y
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp/cache
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp/cache/models
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp/cache/persistent
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp/cache/views
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp/sessions
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp/tests
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/tmp
Permissions set on /var/www/MyProject/logs
Updated Security.salt value in config/app_local.php

Also, change the ownership of the MyProject directory with the following command:

# chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/MyProject/

Then edit MyProject/config/app_local.php configuration file and search for your database setting.

# nano /var/www/MyProject/config/app_local.php

Make necessary changes as per below details:

    'Datasources' => [
        'default' => [
            'host' => 'localhost',
            //'port' => 'non_standard_port_number',

            'username' => 'cakephp_user',
            'password' => 'Str0Pa$$word',

            'database' => 'cakephp_db',

Step 7: Deploy CakePHP (Development)

To check that CakePHP is properly installed, simply run PHP’s built-in webserver to serve your project.

# bin/cake server

By default, without any arguments provided, this will serve your application at http://localhost:8765/.

You can also specify your own host and port:

# bin/cake server -H 192.168.10.10 -p 4321

This will serve your application at http://192.168.10.10:4321/

Note: That this is done for development purposes and never for production.

Step 8: Configure Apache for CakePHP (Production)

To create a new VirtualHost file run the following commands:

# nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/cakephp.conf

Paste the content as shown below:

 <VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin [email protected]
    DocumentRoot /var/www/MyProject/
    
    ServerName your-domain.com
    ServerAlias www.your-domain.com

    <Directory /var/www/MyProject/> 
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory> 

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/your-domain.com_error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/your-domain.com_access.log combined

 </VirtualHost>

Remember to replace your-domain.com with the domain name of your server.

Save and exit the configuration file.

Then enable the "rewrite" module in Apache:

# a2enmod rewrite

To enable this site run the command:

# a2ensite cakephp.conf

To implement the changes, restart Apache webserver:

# systemctl restart apache2

Step 9: Access CakePHP

To access your CakePHP project, go to your browser and visit http://your-domain.com.

You will see the database is connected properly.

Comments and Conclusion

That’s it. You can now create controllers, models and views to develop your project according to your requirements.

For additional help or useful information, we recommend you to check the official CakePHP documentation.